Astigmatism · Optical Cross-Section

Why Doesn’t Light Focus to One Point?

In an astigmatic eye the cornea is not spherical but oval (toric). So two separate meridians focus light at two different points — no single sharp point forms.

Uncorrected Two focal lines
Cylindrical Lens Single focus · on retina
Incoming distant light → Blurred
CYL −2.00 D × 90°

Steep meridian (strong) — early focus Horizontal meridian (weak) — late focus Single sharp focus (retina) Cylindrical lens